This is the cyclical presence of somatic, psychological and emotional symptoms that worsen as menses approach and are ameliorated by the onset of menstrual flow.
EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS
- Tension or anxiety
- Depression
- Crying spells
- Mood swings or irritability or anger
- Appetite changes or food cravings
- Trouble falling asleep (insomnia)
- Social withdrawal
- Poor concentration
PHYSICAL SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
- Joint or muscle pains
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Weight gain related to fluid tension
- Abdominal bloating
- Breast tenderness
- Acne flare-ups
- Constipation or diarrhea
Most women experience only a few of these problems among others. Near all women with regular cycles do experience some form of symptoms in the premenstrual phase, but about 5% of women suffer symptoms debilitating enough to disrupt work, lifestyle or relationships.
Such severe or disabling form of PMS is called PREMENSTRUAL DYSPHORIC DISORDER (PMDD)
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What are the CAUSES of PMS?
The etiology of the symptom complex of PMS is not known, although several theories have been proposed, include estrogen- progesterone imbalance, excess aldosterone, hypoglycemia, hyperprolactinemia and psychogenic factors.
Previously, it was thought that a hormonal imbalance was related to a clinical manifestation of PMS, but recent consensus is that physiologic ovarian function is the trigger.
TREATMENT
Treatment of the disorder is dependent on the severity of the symptoms.
A doctor's reassurance is very necessary
- Stress management and aerobic exercises
- Modification of eating habits such as limit use of caffeine, alcohol, chocolate.
- You doctor may prescribe one of more of any of these drugs depending on your condition: NSAIDS, vitamins, anxiolitics, combined oral contraceptives
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